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It might be helpful to think of these three broad but notnecessarilyseparate functions that conferences can serve, though I hesitate to usesuch loaded terms for the first two: the traditional, the radical, andthe archival. A conference in a particular class, for instance, mightserveall three functions. First, conferences can serve the goals of a traditionalclass in which teachers maintain a good bit of authority. Second,theycan serve more radical pedagogies in which teachers empowerstudentsby encouraging them to exercise significant authority. And, third, theconference can be used for handy archival purposes--as a placetostore administrative or bureaucratic information instead of making anddistributing paper copies for everyone. I will talk about thesefunctionsin more detail below, but the point I would like to make right away isthat the conference is versatile, and we do not necessarily have to seeourselves as revolutionaries to experiment with it.

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My short-hand answer is that through the conference students writemore,think more, and collaborate more. We can accomplish the first two goalsthrough a journal (though I'm not sure a journal really provides the"pressure"needed for critical thinking), but not the third--which is an importantpart of our program--without great difficulty. Frankly, I rarelyassignedjournals. I personally didn't see much value in reading or commentingonclass issues that were in the past, and, also, the whole journal"machinery"always seemed cumbersome to manipulate (among the unpleasant imagesthatcome to mind are pack-horse-ing loads of notebooks to the office,decodinghandwriting, frantic rushing to get them back to students, dealing withlate or lost journals, journal mounds outside office doors, unclaimedjournalsstrewn in hallways over break months like orphans, and so forth). I wasnever comfortable, then, with using journals.

The conference complements in-class discussion for students in manyways. It allows all students to "have the floor" when they want tospeak,when they are ready to speak, without waiting for the teacher to callonthem, without worry about getting cut off, without rushing becauseteacheror student cues indicate others want the floor. The conference enablesshy students, students who take longer to process information or formideas,students who don't function at 7:55 AM, students who are sick and missclass the opportunity to participate. It allows people second and thirdthoughts, the possibility of building on or revising their class ideas(think of the good class participators whom you have to cut off inclassbefore they are done). 2ff7e9595c